剑桥商务英语(BEC)中级阅读教材讲义

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剑桥商务英语(BEC)中级阅读讲义

　　Dear MR Ballard

　　You asked for a brief report concerning the recent events at the Southford Plant.

　　We have consulted the files and spoken to relevant members of the higher management and thus are able to provide an explanation for the breakdown reported in the press on 17 May of this year.

　　____1____ The handling equipment used to deliver the components to the assembly line has been known to be in need of an overhaul for the past six months. The plant has been working to full capacity to finish the American orders according to schedule.

　　As you know, we had commissioned a study by Industrial Research Consultants. ____2____ In it they warned that there was not enough space available to store sufficient components ____3____

　　We had decided to install fully automated robot system. However, at the same time it was clear to our production director that given the present maintenance staff, we would not have sufficient staff available if big problems were to arise____4____But we were still only working a two-shift system so the machines were not getting the necessary cover.

　　We all agree that the breakdown was extremely unfortunate and yet we must admit that, under the circumstance, it was not entirely unexpected.

　　We now believe that we have managed to sort out the major problems which we had been having with the conveyor equipment ____5____ Added to this is the fact that personnel department has been successful in recruiting some highly qualified maintenance staff who makes us confident that a repetition of the 16 May now seems entirely unlikely.

　　A. They also recommended expanding the present two-shift system to a three-shift one.

　　B. And also when the new robots are installed in September, we feel certain that such problems will become a thing of the past.

　　C. Unfortunately, as you know, there has been a major problem with recognizing the maintenance schedule.

　　D. The wide range oof machine we operate is not fully supervised at all times.

　　E. The cause of the breakdown was very simple.

　　F. They submitted their report on April 5.

　　G. There have been a number of delays and breakdowns in production recently which have been reported in the press.

　　H. The firm has been advertising for maintenance engineers for some weeks.

　　I. All the facilities in the plant will be coordinated to enable the workers to step up production of the new range of machines.

　　答案：1. E;2. F;3. A;4. H;5.B

　　BEC中级阅读材料：中国理财产品

　　中国银行业监管机构昨日表示，随着各银行扩大产品种类，2007年最后一个季度中国个人理财产品销售额大幅飙升。

　　Sales of individual wealth management products in China shot up in the last quarter of 2007 as banks expanded their product offerings, the banking regulator said yesterday.

　　截至9月底，60家银行业金融机构推出了个人理财服务，如共同基金、保险产品和离岸投资产品。

　　By the end of September there were 60 banking institutions in China offering individual wealth management services such as mutual funds, insurance products and offshore investments.

　　2007年前三个季度，各银行此类产品销售总额为6000亿元人民币(合820亿美元)。

　　Together China’s banks sold Rmb600bn ($82bn) worth of such products in the first three quarters of 2007.

　　但中国银监会(CBRC)表示，预计2007年全年销售总量将达1万亿元人民币，原因是有更多的理财产品面世，同时客户将资金从生息的定期存款中转出。

　　But the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) said it expected that figure had jumped to Rmb1,000bn by the end of the year as more products became available and customers shifted money out of interest-bearing time deposits.

　　2007年11月份，中国通货膨胀率创下6.9%的11年高点，而一年期存款利率仅为4.14%，中国投资者面临着实际利率为负的局面，他们一直在寻求银行存款的替代品。

　　With inflation hitting an 11-year high of 6.9 per cent in November and the one-year deposit rate at only 4.14 per cent, Chinese investors are faced with negative real interest rates and have been looking for alternatives to bank deposits.

　　中国国内银行传统上依赖存贷款利差，目前政府正鼓励它们进行多样化调整。中国存贷款利率由央行制定，以确保国有银行能够盈利。

　　The government is actively encouraging Chinese banks to diversify from their traditional reliance on the spread between deposit and loan interest rates, which are set by the central bank to ensure profitability at the state-owned lenders.

　　去年6月份，银监会为大中型国有银行制定了目标，力争在未来5年至10年，中间收入在总收入中所占比重从目前的17 %左右升至40%-50%。

　　In June last year the CBRC set a target for large and medium-sized state-owned banks to increase their fee-based income from about 17 per cent of their total now to 40-50 per cent within the next five to 10 years.

　　多数全球规模最大的银行都在中国设立了业务，而去年，包括渣打银行(Standard Chartered)、瑞银(UBS)和汇丰(HSBC)在内的许多银行，已开始为拥有100万美元以上的客户提供私人银行服务。

　　Most of the world’s largest banks have set up operations in China and many, including Standard Chartered, UBS and HSBC, began offering private banking services available to clients with $1m or more to invest, last year.

　　德意志银行(Deutsche Bank)昨日宣布，已在北京注册理财业务，从而可以提供包括人民币存款和贷款在内的更多服务。

　　Deutsche Bank yesterday announced it had incorporated locally in Beijing, allowing it to offer more services, including renminbi deposit and lending services.

　　中国银监会昨日警告称，伴随着理财服务的增长，瞄准无知个人的欺诈案件数量也有所上升，此类案件的社会影响恶劣。

　　The CBRC warned yesterday that the growth in wealth management services had been accompanied。

　　BEC中级阅读材料：喝酸奶有益于牙齿健康

　　Eating yogurt and other foods laden with lactic acid may keep your gums from receding and teeth from falling out, Japanese researchers report.

　　Dr. Yoshihiro Shimazaki and colleagues found that consuming yogurt and lactic acid drinks was significantly associated with better periodontal health.

　　"But, milk and cheese were not," Shimazaki said.

　　Periodontal disease is a chronic bacterial condition associated with receding gums and tooth loss. Outside of regular brushing and flossing, effective measures to allay this disease are limited, Shimazaki, of Kyushu University in Fukuoka, Japan, and colleagues note in the Journal of Periodontology.

　　Previous research identified a lower occurrence of periodontal disease among people who eat high amounts of dairy products, but did not identify which dairy products were most beneficial, the researchers report.

　　Shimazaki’s team assessed the severity of periodontal disease in 942 men and women, aged 40 to 79 years, and their intake of milk, cheese, and lactic acid foods.

　　They found that people with generalized (more advanced) periodontal disease had a lower intake of lactic acid foods than people with localized (less advanced) periodontal disease.

　　Compared with individuals reporting no lactic acid food intake, those eating 55 grams or more of yogurt (half an 6-ounce carton) or lactic acid drinks a day had significantly fewer markers of severe periodontal disease. The investigators made allowances for factors such as age, gender, smoking, alcohol intake, frequency of tooth brushing, blood sugar and cholesterol levels.

　　日本研究人员日前称，吃酸奶等富含乳酸的食物能防止牙龈萎缩和牙齿脱落。

　　喜田岛崎博士及其同事发现，喝酸奶及其它乳酸饮料能显著改善牙周健康。

　　岛崎博士说：“但牛奶和乳酪没有这种功效。”

　　牙周病是一种慢性细菌感染性疾病，会引起牙床萎缩和牙齿脱落。日本福冈九州岛大学的岛崎教授及其同事在《牙周病学》期刊中提到，除了勤刷牙和用牙线清洁牙齿外，能够有效缓解这一疾病的方法比较有限。

　　研究人员在报告中称，此前的研究发现，食用大量乳制品的人患牙周病的几率较低，但未发现哪种乳制品的作用最突出。

　　岛崎教授领导的研究小组对942名年龄在40岁至79岁之间的男性和女性进行了调查，主要对他们所患牙周炎的严重程度以及摄入的牛奶、乳酪和乳酸类食品量进行了评估。

　　他们发现，弥漫性重度牙周炎患者所摄入的乳酸类食品量比局限性轻度牙周炎患者少。

　　与自称从不吃乳酸类食品的人相比，每天摄入酸奶或其它乳酸饮品55克或更多的人有严重牙周病症状的明显较少。研究人员还考虑到了年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、刷牙频率、血糖及胆固醇水平等各项因素。

　　Vocabulary:

　　be laden with:富含……

　　fall out: 脱落

　　intake:摄入量

　　make allowances for:考虑到……

　　BEC中级阅读材料：中国航空货运业

　　中国制造业的显著增长，促使航空货运公司争相发展其在华业务。然而，这可能成为一个业务规模扩张过大、速度过快的案例。

　　China’s spectacular manufacturing growth has left air freight carriers scrambling to develop their activities in the country. But it could be a case of too much, too soon.

　　两年前，从南京或上海空运货物至欧洲，每公斤运费高达4美元;如今的价格约为2.50美元。南京禄口机场副总经理徐勇表示：“在此项业务上仍有钱赚的航空公司非常少见。”

　　Two years ago, flying goods from Nanjing or Shanghai to Europe cost up to $4 a kilogramme; today it the price is about $2.50. “Very few carriers are still making money here,’’ says Xu Yong, vice-president of Nanjing airport.

　　由于机队扩张速度继续超出需求，航空公司正加剧中国一些机场的拥堵问题。徐勇警告称：“我们现在的飞机数量实在是太多了。”

　　As fleet expansion continues to outpace demand, carriers are adding to congestion problems at some Chinese airports. “We have just far too many planes now”Mr Xu warns.

　　荷兰航空公司Martinair副总裁弗兰克?德容(Frank de Jong)表示，中国空运货物出口量正以每年约10%的速度增长，而飞机货物运力的增幅约为25%。

　　Frank de Jong, vice-president at Martinair, the Dutch carrier, says the volume of Chinese exports by air is growing by about 10 per cent a year but aircraft cargo capacity is rising by about 25 per cent.

　　在亚洲，约半数货物在运输时都是放在定期客运航班的腹舱内。例如，在客运航空公司中，大韩航空(Korean Airlines)拥有全球规模最大的货运业务，其28%的收入来自航空货运业务。

　　In Asia, about half of cargo transported is carried in the belly of regular passenger flights. Korean Airlines, for example, has the world’s largest cargo business among passenger airlines, with 28 per cent of its revenue coming from air freight.

　　在美国，大部分航空货运业务由以UPS和联邦快递(FedEx)为首的专业货运公司负责。中国政府最近已进一步放宽了对上述两家公司的准入限制。

　　In the US, the bulk of air cargo is handled by the specialist freight industry, led by UPS and FedEx. The Chinese government has recently granted greater access to the two companies.

　　瑞士信贷(Credit Suisse)分析师彼得?希尔顿(Peter Hilton)表示：“美国公司可以向中国体系内注入更多运力，并承接向来由亚洲航空公司包揽的货运业务。”

　　Peter Hilton, analyst at Credit Suisse, says: “The Americans are being allowed to inject more capacity into the Chinese system and moving goods that would have traditionally gone to Asian carriers.”

　　中国政府已加大其发展国内航空货运业的努力，鼓励国内航空公司与经验更为丰富的西方货运公司合作。而就在不久前，中国政府的重点还几乎全放在航空客运业的改革和扩张方面。

　　Beijing has stepped up its efforts to develop a domestic air freight industry, encouraging its airlines to team up with more experienced Western cargo operators. Until recently, the Chinese government had instead focused almost exclusively on overhauling and expanding the passenger airline industry.

　　一位香港银行家表示：“从政治角度来看，运送旅客比运输货物更能建立声望，但政府已意识到，货运对出口驱动型的制造业领域至关重要。”

　　A Hong Kong banker says: “Politically, there’s a lot more prestige in helping move people rather than goods, but the government has woken up to how crucial freight is for an export-led manufacturing sector.”

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