堪培拉英文介绍

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　　堪培拉，澳大利亚联邦首都，位于澳大利亚山脉区的开阔谷地上，气候温和，四季都有阳光普照的日子。堪培拉旅游业发达，每天都吸引着大量游客，是一个适合我们游览一番的城市。

　　堪培拉英文介绍1

　　Canberra is a picturesque(风景如画的)20th-century concoction on the banks of Lake Burley Griffin(贝里哥里芬湖)that has struggled to establish itself as the focus of Australia"s national identity. It has often been perceived as a "fat cat"(有权有势的)town of politicians and bureaucrats living off the rest of the country.

　　However, you"ll only have to step outside the Parliamentary Triangle to realise that there"s more to Canberra than machinations(密谋)and money. One of only two artificially-conceived cities in the world, Canberra is eerily symmetrical, surprisingly workable and endlessly intriguing.

　　Autumn in Canberra is quite simply gorgeous. The days are sunny and crisp, the trees are changing and everything looks lovely. Winter is really cold. Spring is much wetter and windier, though the very popular Floriade festival(花卉节)brightens things up.

　　Canberra was first settled by Europeans in 1824, when Joshua Moore bought the first land grant(政府赠予地)in the area, at the foot of Black Mountain. By 1845 a town had grown up in the shadow of the mountain, with the newly built St John"s Church and the nearby school at its centre.

　　The establishing of a national capital and surrounding Australian Capital Territory (ACT) was one of the tenets(原则)of the constitution created when the colonies were federated into Australian states in 1901. The site was selected in 1908 - diplomatically situated between arch rivals(主要竞争对手)Sydney and Melbourne. Canberra was named in 1913, from an Aboriginal term believed to mean "meeting place", and an international competition to design the city was won by the American architect Walter Burley Griffin. Development of the site was slow and although parliament was first convened in the capital in 1927, it was not until after the World War Two that the dream of a national capital began to reach fruition(实现).

　　In 1957 the Menzies Government created the National Capital Development Commission, to establish Canberra as the seat of government and generally spruce(打扮、装饰)the place up a bit. Over the next 20 years it was full steam ahead - bridges were built over a hypothetical lake, then a year later the lake followed; the Mint, the National Library, the Botanic Gardens and the Carillon sprang up; the civic centre was packed full of offices, shops and theatres. Throughout the 60s the public service became Canberra"s major industry, with departments shifting to the capital from all over the country, bringing with them hordes of happy families in search of a quarter-acre block to call their own. In line with its reputation as a planned city, Canberra"s growth was less than organic - rather than filling in the city centre and letting suburbs sprawl around it, the NCDC oversaw the setting up of "satellite towns" to the north and south. Woden, to the south, was set up first, then Belconnen to the north. In the 70s they were followed by Tuggeranong, and in the 80s Gunghalin.

　　Since Federation the ACT had been under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government, with no local government of its own. In a 1978 referendum(公民投票)Canberrans had voted no to self-government, but despite this in 1988 the Federal Government passed four bills to make the Territory self-governing and in 1989 the first Legislative Assembly was elected.

　　堪培拉英文介绍2

　　Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia"s largest inland city and the eighth largest Australian city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory, 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Sydney, and 660 km (410 mi) north-east of Melbourne. The site of Canberra was selected for the location of the nation"s capital in 1908 as a compromise between rivals Sydney and Melbourne, Australia"s two largest cities. It is unusual among Australian cities, being an entirely planned city. Following an international contest for the city"s design, a design by the Chicago architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin was selected and construction commenced in 1913. The city"s design was heavily influenced by the garden city movement and incorporates significant areas of natural vegetation that have earned Canberra the title "bush capital". Although the growth and development of Canberra were hindered by the World Wars and the Great Depression, it emerged as a thriving city after World War II.

　　As the seat of the government of Australia, Canberra is the site of Parliament House, the High Court of Australia and numerous government departments and agencies. It is also the location of many social and cultural institutions of national significance, such as the Australian War Memorial, National Gallery of Australia, National Museum of Australia and the National Library of Australia. The federal government contributes the largest percentage of Gross State Product and is the largest single employer in Canberra.